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How An Antenna Diplexer Allows Multiple Transmissions On One Transmitter

Posted on by admin

A diplexer, which is a form of duplexer, is a frequency-dependent three-port device used to transmit or receive.

You can take different frequency bands and multiplex and demultiplex two ports and put them in one port on a single coaxial cable. Or a diplexer can route signals based on frequency that have sufficient bandwidth and can transfer them to the air efficiently. Basically, a diplexer combines signals in a download or perhaps links those transmitted through it to radio transmitters.

This passive device can also split two signals in addition to being on the same reception path as audio and data in Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) telephone systems or combine two signals into a single output on the same transmission path. It is also capable of forcing a constant impedance to occupy a single transmitting frequency or allowing a transmitter used by a transmitting station to operate and transmit multiple frequencies at the same time from one RF antenna.

Furthermore, an antenna diplexer is an electronic component that can also be used to transmit and receive simultaneously using the same antenna, or it can allow a single antenna to be used while avoiding the output of the other or more. They allow signals like those of an antenna and a satellite dish to share the same power. What’s more, you can separate the signals according to the frequency they use.

On the downside, diplexers are not for signals that have overlapping frequency ranges. And if the transmitters have frequencies too close to each other, they cannot be successfully combined with a diplexer.

Typically, diplexers are used for high frequency satellite signals and low frequency CATV (cable television) / OTA (over the air) antenna signals. They can also be found as part of a front module for a mobile telecommunications system.

Diplexers are essential when trying to overcome the problem of the prohibition of building new transmission towers in some areas. Nowadays it is very difficult to obtain permits to build new transmission towers in many places, as there are laws that say that towers can no longer be built. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules related to tower construction restrictions and local zoning regulations drive many of these restrictions.

Although there are exceptions for companies classified as “public services” to build even in areas where it is explicitly prohibited, currently building new towers is almost impossible.

Overcoming the problem is only possible by using an existing tower as much as possible. An agreement must be reached with the owners of the established streaming sites. This is where diplexers come in, allowing two frequency bands to transmit together without interference.

Diplexing is a suitable solution for medium wave broadcasting stations and allows the use of more than one transmitter, such as UHF- / VHF, from a single pre-built tower for television reception.

Diplexing AM (amplitude modulation) transmitters is said to be easier than diplexing FM (frequency modulation) transmitters due to the fact that not all radiators will work for such transmissions. The antennas, in fact, must be broadband to allow the wide range of FM frequencies to be transmitted.

Distance is also a factor as it affects FM broadcast more than AM broadcast.

Due to the special attention that FM duplex requires, costs can be a concern if the antenna is not already built for this type of transmission. Other factors that need to be evaluated include:

  • Are tower antennas directional or non-directional?
  • What is the efficiency of the antenna?
  • Does the trailer have the necessary orientation?

Examples of tower-mounted diplexers (TMD) are abundant.

An example of TMD is the Sutro Tower in San Francisco, a 977-foot steel tower used by 11 television stations, four FM radio stations, as well as satellite companies, cable providers, and for wireless communication services. Even more iconic is the Empire State Building in New York which is home to a very crowded diplexer that appeared in March 1952, where ABC and CBS FM stations operated from a common antenna.

The signals were diplexed into a single set of dipoles in the antenna of the last stations near the bottom of the tower.

It is clear how the diplexers are essential to allow new transmissions even though there are building bans against new towers. Thanks to these devices, stations can avoid intermodulation and keep the voltage component of a standing wave (VSWR) at the lowest amount for each input transmitter and frequency, even in the presence of tower building blocks.

Consequently, new transmissions can still be allowed.

Despite this, diplexers seem to satisfy the wishes of residents who do not want more towers to be built and can serve the interests of companies that need to have transmitting / receiving antennas for telecommunications. With this device and purpose, the towers can be used to provide local communication systems capabilities and businesses the ability to have a transmission medium to conduct business.

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